Here, you can get a hands-on on how to retrieve the current user information in a SharePoint Framework webpart using PnP JS Library
Here's the code, you can use to fetch all the attachments from the list using pnp js library in SharePoint Framework webpart.
SharePoint Framework is the new development model for developing the client side applications and customization in SharePoint. Join with me on webinar to know more about SharePoint Framework and how to create a client side webpart.
This article explains the steps to create a SharePoint Framework and access SharePoint using PnP JavaScript Library
This post summarize the SharePoint framework environment with required tools and how to start in developing webparts using this development model.